CLBO Crystal Fundamentals Explained
CLBO Crystal Fundamentals Explained
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All-reliable-state ultraviolet lasers have already been extensively used in the fields of mechanical flaw detection, lithography, micromachining and drugs for the advantages of tiny volume, prolonged everyday living, high performance, great beam high-quality, large tuning and slender spectral line, and many others. Using higher power in the vicinity of-infrared coherent mild resource as the basic frequency source determined by nonlinear tuning engineering, producing ultraviolet coherent radiation by multistage frequency conversion is regarded as a very important strategy to create the ultraviolet coherent light-weight source.
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The standard electricity with the NIR laser even now has the possible to generally be improved to tens of watts which include 70 W [26] When the double-move configuration can be used for your Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. That's why, In the event the conversion performance of 31% from NIR to DUV can be nonetheless taken care of at this larger electricity ailment, the common output ability of the DUV laser at 258 nm might be over 20 W, which would be described as a outstanding electric power amount for the DUV laser and result in the unanticipated DUV laser machining benefits. Also, for top-ability DUV laser, the UV injury in the nonlinear crystal, including the windows for CLBO crystal along with the mirrors, is an additional crucial parameter for long run and secure Procedure.
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Due to the thermal lens effect during the good-point out lasers, When the heating administration is insufficient, It's not at all straightforward to acquire the sound-point out laser by using a high electric power in addition to a large beam high-quality simultaneously. Not long ago, with the event of The skinny disk laser and single-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a significant-energy laser at the basic wavelength (one μm) had been realized with a fantastic beam high quality In spite of a TEM00 manner beam [4,24], which would be very good candidates for the elemental of the DUV laser generation. One more applicant for the basic could be the significant-ability fiber laser which could possibly be attained by coherent beam mixture with M2 worth lower than 1.
On one other aspect, the power scaling with the NIR laser is another aspect to increase the average power of the 193-nm DUV laser. Due to the deficiency of the substantial-electric power amplification Remedy from the NIR laser (for example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures like optical parameter oscillation (OPO) could be placed on create a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from one μm to the specified wavelength along with acquiring relative higher electricity [21]. Recently, a diamond Raman laser showed its ability in attaining a significant power as well as a high conversion efficiency at the 1st Stokes in the 1-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the likelihood to generally be used from the 193-nm DUV laser technology on account of its significant Raman attain and enormous frequency change.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the most effective non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics from the Nd:YAG fundamental laser wavelength. As a way to boost the hurt threshold, low CLBO surface roughness, by ultra-precision machining, is needed. As the CLBO crystal has straightforward hydroscopic reaction and micro scratches in machining, extremely-precise machining of the CLBO crystal is usually a tricky specialized problem.
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